Diffusion and Osmosis

Differentiate between diffusion and osmosis.

Diffusion

1. It is the movement of particles, molecules or ions form a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
2. It occurs in any type of medium.
3. Diffusing molecules may be solids, liquids or gases
4. It does not require a  semi permeable membrane.

Osmosis

1. It is the movement of solvent or water molecules form the area of its higher concentrated region through the semi Permeable membrane.
2. It occurs only in liquid medium.
3. It involves the movement of solvent molecules only.
4. It requires a semi permeable membrane

Write note on Storage Diseases or Diseases due to faulty lysosomes.

1. Several congenital diseases (i.e. by birth but not necessary hereditary) have been found to occur due to accumulation of substances within cell.
2. Such as glycogen or various glycolipids.
3. These are caused by mutation in the genes of lysosomal enzymes.
4. About 20 such diseases are known e.g. two of these are given below:

Glycogenesis type Il disease (Glycogen Storage disease GSD)

1. It is caused due to the absence of D-glycosides which converts glycogen to glucose.
2. In this disease liver and muscle cells are appeared to be filled with glycogen within Membrane bound organelle.

Tay-Sachs disease: (lipid storage)

1. Tay-Sach disease is a rare disorder passed from parent to child.
2. It is caused by the absence of an enzyme (hexosaminidase) that helps in the breakdown of fatty substances.
3. These substances in brain called gangliosides built up to toxic level mainly in babies, young children and affect the function of the neurons.

Symptoms: Child loses muscle control eventually this leads to mental, retardation, blindness, paralysis and even death.